{"id":18805,"date":"2022-01-07T11:55:12","date_gmt":"2022-01-07T10:55:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newsendip.com\/?p=18805"},"modified":"2024-07-23T10:51:34","modified_gmt":"2024-07-23T08:51:34","slug":"linde-lance-un-plan-daction-pour-reintroduire-le-guepard-apres-70-ans-dabsence","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newsendip.com\/fr\/linde-lance-un-plan-daction-pour-reintroduire-le-guepard-apres-70-ans-dabsence\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019Inde lance un plan d\u2019action pour r\u00e9introduire le gu\u00e9pard apr\u00e8s 70 ans d\u2019absence"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le ministre indien de l\u2019environnement a lanc\u00e9 le plan de r\u00e9introduction du gu\u00e9pard. L\u2019esp\u00e8ce a disparu en Inde depuis 70 ans.><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Cheetah\"
India plans to introduce cheetahs again. The last cheetahs living in India were shot in 1947 | \u00a9 David Groves, 2019<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Le 6 janvier, le ministre de l\u2019Environnement de l\u2019Union, Bhupender Yadav, a lanc\u00e9 le Plan d\u2019action pour l\u2019introduction du gu\u00e9pard<\/a> en Inde lors de la r\u00e9union de l\u2019autorit\u00e9 nationale de conservation du tigre.<\/p>\n

Le projet d\u00e9marrera dans les prochains mois avec la mise en libert\u00e9 de 12 \u00e0 14 gu\u00e9pards en provenance d\u2019Afrique du Sud, de Namibie<\/a> et du Botswana dans le parc national de Kuno<\/strong>, dans l\u2019\u00c9tat du Madhya Pradesh au centre de l\u2019Inde.<\/p>\n

Le parc s\u2019\u00e9tend sur 748 kilom\u00e8tres carr\u00e9s, soit environ la superficie de Singapour<\/a> ou du Bahre\u00efn, et est d\u00e9pourvu d\u2019habitations humaines. Vingt-trois villages ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9plac\u00e9s ces dix derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es<\/strong> pour permettre la r\u00e9introduction du f\u00e9lin.<\/p>\n

Les l\u00e9opards sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 pr\u00e9sents en nombre dans le parc national de Kuno, avec une densit\u00e9 d\u2019environ 9 l\u00e9opards pour 100\u202fkm\u00b2.<\/p>\n

Cinquante f\u00e9lins devraient \u00eatre introduits au cours des cinq prochaines ann\u00e9es. En ao\u00fbt dernier, des troupeaux de cervid\u00e9s<\/a> ont \u00e9t\u00e9 rel\u00e2ch\u00e9s dans la nature en pr\u00e9vision de la r\u00e9introduction des gu\u00e9pards dans le sanctuaire de Gandhi Sagar, dans le Madhya Pradesh.<\/p>\n

Les autorit\u00e9s consid\u00e8rent qu\u2019il s\u2019agit d\u2019un succ\u00e8s \u00e0 court terme si 50\u202f% d\u2019entre eux survivent au cours de la premi\u00e8re ann\u00e9e<\/strong>. Le projet \u00e9chouerait si les gu\u00e9pards introduits ne survivent pas ou ne parviennent pas \u00e0 se reproduire au bout de cinq ans.<\/p>\n

Les gu\u00e9pards ont disparu en Inde \u00e0 cause de la chasse et de la destruction de leur habitat naturel.<\/p>\n

Les trois derniers gu\u00e9pards vivant en Inde ont \u00e9t\u00e9 abattus en 1947<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

Selon le rapport, la chasse est d\u00e9sormais interdite<\/a> et l\u2019habitat disponible est actuellement s\u00fbr et suffisant pour que le gu\u00e9pard puisse vivre en Inde.<\/p>\n

Les trois derniers gu\u00e9pards vivant en Inde ont \u00e9t\u00e9 abattus en d\u00e9cembre 1947<\/strong>, quelques semaines apr\u00e8s l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance du pays du Royaume-Uni. Cependant, des observations du f\u00e9lin jug\u00e9es cr\u00e9dibles ont continu\u00e9 \u00e0 \u00eatre enregistr\u00e9es dans le sous-continent indien, notamment au Pakistan, jusque dans les ann\u00e9es 1990.<\/p>\n

Il n\u2019y a presque plus de gu\u00e9pards en Asie, \u00e0 part en Iran<\/a> mais o\u00f9 ils sont aux bord de l\u2019extinction avec une population d\u2019environ 40 individus.<\/p>\n

Les r\u00e9flexions sur la r\u00e9introduction du gu\u00e9pard en Inde ont d\u00e9but\u00e9 en 2009. Le plan d\u2019action a \u00e9t\u00e9 approuv\u00e9 par le ministre en novembre de l\u2019ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re.<\/p>\n

Le projet n\u2019est pas uniquement motiv\u00e9 par l\u2019aura et l\u2019image de cet animal, mais plut\u00f4t pour son r\u00f4le dans l\u2019\u00e9quilibre des \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes, explique le rapport. \u00c0 l\u2019instar du tigre dans les for\u00eats humides, \u00ab\u202fle gu\u00e9pard comblera le vide<\/em>\u202f\u00bb dans les habitats \u00ab\u202ftr\u00e8s maltrait\u00e9s<\/em>\u202f\u00bb que sont les for\u00eats claires, les savanes et les prairies.<\/p>\n

Le nom m\u00eame de l\u2019animal, Cheetah, provient du sanskrit des peintures rupestres n\u00e9olithiques du centre de l\u2019Inde<\/strong> et signifie \u00ab\u202fle tachet\u00e9\u202f\u00bb, souligne le rapport.<\/p>\n

En 2011-12, les estimations des co\u00fbts du projet s\u2019\u00e9levaient \u00e0 4,3 trillions de roupies (56 millions de dollars au taux de change actuel). Avec les gu\u00e9pards, l\u2019Inde esp\u00e8re \u00e9galement g\u00e9n\u00e9rer des revenus gr\u00e2ce au tourisme animalier<\/a>.<\/p>\n

D\u00e9couvrez plus d\u2019actualit\u00e9s sur l\u2019Inde<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le ministre indien de l\u2019environnement a lanc\u00e9 le plan de r\u00e9introduction du gu\u00e9pard. L\u2019esp\u00e8ce a disparu en Inde depuis 70 ans.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9954,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"wp_typography_post_enhancements_disabled":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3016],"tags":[411,446],"class_list":["post-18805","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environnement","tag-actuel","tag-inde"],"yoast_head":"\nL'Inde lance un plan d'action pour r\u00e9introduire le gu\u00e9pard apr\u00e8s 70 ans d'absence<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le ministre indien de l'environnement a lanc\u00e9 le plan de r\u00e9introduction du gu\u00e9pard. 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