{"id":18931,"date":"2021-09-23T23:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-09-23T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newsendip.com\/?p=18931"},"modified":"2023-07-09T10:21:45","modified_gmt":"2023-07-09T08:21:45","slug":"la-cour-internationale-de-justice-ecoute-le-nicaragua-et-la-colombie-sur-un-differend-maritime","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newsendip.com\/fr\/la-cour-internationale-de-justice-ecoute-le-nicaragua-et-la-colombie-sur-un-differend-maritime\/","title":{"rendered":"La Cour internationale de justice \u00e9coute le Nicaragua et la Colombie sur un diff\u00e9rend maritime"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le Nicaragua et la Colombie se disputent depuis plus de 20 ans le territoire maritime d\u2019un petit archipel.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"L'archipel
L\u2019\u00eele de San Andr\u00e9s de l\u2019archipel de San Andr\u00e9s, Providencia et Santa Catalina en Colombie est proche du Nicaragua | \u00a9 Google Maps<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Le 20 septembre, la Cour internationale de justice a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 entendre le Nicaragua et la Colombie au sujet des \u00ab\u202fviolations all\u00e9gu\u00e9es de droits souverains et d\u2019espaces maritimes dans la mer des Cara\u00efbes<\/em><\/a>\u202f\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Le Nicaragua<\/a> a traduit la Colombie devant la CIJ pour la troisi\u00e8me fois en 20 ans au sujet des fronti\u00e8res maritimes d\u2019un archipel comprenant les \u00eeles de San Andr\u00e9s, Providencia et Santa Catalina.<\/p>\n

L\u2019archipel se trouve \u00e0 environ 200 kilom\u00e8tres des c\u00f4tes du pays d\u2019Am\u00e9rique centrale et \u00e0 650 kilom\u00e8tres des terres colombiennes. En mai dernier, la police colombienne a saisi \u00e0 Santa Catalina un avion contenant 446 kilogrammes de coca\u00efne dissimul\u00e9s sous des masques chirurgicaux<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Il y a neuf ans, La Haye a confirm\u00e9 la souverainet\u00e9 de la Colombie sur sept cayes autour des trois \u00eeles<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Toutefois, l\u2019arr\u00eat a \u00e9galement d\u00e9fini les fronti\u00e8res maritimes, ce qui a donn\u00e9 au Nicaragua 40\u202f% de la mer territoriale \u00e0 l\u2019ouest de San Andr\u00e9s<\/strong>, suscitant la d\u00e9sapprobation de la Colombie.<\/p>\n

Conclusions pour le diff\u00e9rend en 2022<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00c0 La Haye, le Nicaragua affirme que la Colombie ne respecte pas la d\u00e9cision en patrouillant constamment dans la zone, ce qui constituerait une menace de recours \u00e0 la force<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

De plus, la Cour constitutionnelle de Colombie a d\u00e9termin\u00e9 en 2014 que la d\u00e9cision ne pouvait \u00eatre appliqu\u00e9e uniquement par le biais d\u2019un trait\u00e9<\/strong>, qui doit \u00eatre approuv\u00e9 par le Congr\u00e8s et ratifi\u00e9 par le pr\u00e9sident. Pour l\u2019agent du Nicaragua \u00e0 La Haye, il s\u2019agit \u00ab\u202fsimplement d\u2019une excuse pour ne pas se conformer<\/em>\u202f\u00bb \u00e0 l\u2019arr\u00eat.<\/p>\n

Le pays d\u2019Am\u00e9rique centrale fait \u00e9galement r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 des enregistrements audio de 2015 dans lesquels les garde-c\u00f4tes colombiens disent que \u00ab\u202fla d\u00e9cision de La Haye est inapplicable<\/em>\u202f\u00bb.<\/p>\n

De son c\u00f4t\u00e9, la Colombie trouve les revendications du Nicaragua<\/a> \u00ab\u202fexorbitantes<\/em>\u202f\u00bb alors qu\u2019ils violent les \u00ab\u202fdroits inali\u00e9nables<\/em>\u202f\u00bb des Colombiens. Elle affirme que le Nicaragua pratique une p\u00eache intensive<\/strong> et ne respecte pas les droits de p\u00eache de la communaut\u00e9 de l\u2019archipel, les Raizal, ni leur acc\u00e8s \u00e0 leurs zones de p\u00eache traditionnelles.<\/p>\n

De plus, elle affirme que le Nicaragua a publi\u00e9 un d\u00e9cret visant \u00e0 \u00e9tendre ses eaux int\u00e9rieures<\/strong> et son territoire maritime au-del\u00e0 de ce que les lois internationales l\u2019y autorisent.<\/p>\n

L\u2019audience comprend des arguments oraux et des r\u00e9ponses pour les deux pays et se poursuivra jusqu\u2019au 1er octobre. Les conclusions seront publi\u00e9es en 2022.<\/p>\n

Le Nicaragua a aussi port\u00e9 un autre litige devant la CIJ<\/a> avec la Colombie concernant la d\u00e9limitation du \u00ab\u202fplateau continental entre le Nicaragua et la Colombie au-del\u00e0 de 200 milles marins de la c\u00f4te nicaraguayenne<\/em>\u202f\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Mise \u00e0 jour : La CIJ a consid\u00e9r\u00e9 que la Colombie avait viol\u00e9 les droits souverains du Nicaragua<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n

D\u00e9couvrez plus d\u2019actualit\u00e9s sur la Colombie<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le Nicaragua et la Colombie se disputent depuis plus de 20 ans le territoire maritime d\u2019un petit archipel.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13693,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"wp_typography_post_enhancements_disabled":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[416],"tags":[440,754,421],"class_list":["post-18931","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politique","tag-colombie","tag-nicaragua-fr","tag-vieux"],"yoast_head":"\nLa Cour internationale de justice \u00e9coute le Nicaragua et la Colombie sur un diff\u00e9rend maritime<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le Nicaragua et la Colombie se disputent depuis plus de 20 ans le territoire maritime d'un petit archipel.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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