{"id":23718,"date":"2023-01-24T14:09:53","date_gmt":"2023-01-24T13:09:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newsendip.com\/?p=23718"},"modified":"2024-07-18T15:50:10","modified_gmt":"2024-07-18T13:50:10","slug":"laugmentation-de-15-du-financement-public-des-partis-politiques-allemands-rejetee-par-la-cour-constitutionnelle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newsendip.com\/fr\/laugmentation-de-15-du-financement-public-des-partis-politiques-allemands-rejetee-par-la-cour-constitutionnelle\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019augmentation de 15% du financement public des partis politiques allemands rejet\u00e9e par la Cour constitutionnelle"},"content":{"rendered":"

La Cour constitutionnelle allemande a jug\u00e9 que l\u2019augmentation de 15\u202f% du financement public r\u00e9parti entre partis politiques vot\u00e9e par les parlementaires en 2018 \u00e9tait inconstitutionnelle.
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Cour
Cour constitutionnelle f\u00e9d\u00e9rale d\u2019Allemagne \u2502 \u00a9 Cour constitutionnelle f\u00e9d\u00e9rale<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

La Cour constitutionnelle f\u00e9d\u00e9rale d\u2019Allemagne a jug\u00e9 le 24 janvier que l\u2019augmentation du financement public des partis politiques vot\u00e9e en 2018 est inconstitutionnelle.<\/p>\n

La loi adopt\u00e9e par les \u00e9lus de l\u2019Union chr\u00e9tienne-d\u00e9mocrate et du Parti social-d\u00e9mocrate avait augment\u00e9 les fonds publics destin\u00e9s au financement des partis politiques de pr\u00e8s de 25 millions d\u2019euros (+15%), pour atteindre un total annuel de 190 millions d\u2019euros \u00e0 r\u00e9partir entre partis.<\/p>\n

Les membres du Bundestag avaient notamment justifi\u00e9 l\u2019augmentation par la num\u00e9risation de la communication \u2013 hackers, fake news et protection des donn\u00e9es \u2013 qui augmentait les co\u00fbts pour les partis politiques.<\/p>\n

Mais le deuxi\u00e8me s\u00e9nat de la Cour constitutionnelle f\u00e9d\u00e9rale bas\u00e9e \u00e0 Karlsruhe a estim\u00e9 que la loi \u00e9tait nulle et incompatible avec les exigences constitutionnelles allemandes en mati\u00e8re de financement public des partis politiques.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u202fElle viole le principe selon lequel les partis politiques doivent \u00eatre suffisamment libres de toute ing\u00e9rence de l\u2019\u00c9tat\u202f\u00bb<\/em>, a expliqu\u00e9 la Cour dans un communiqu\u00e9 de presse<\/a>, et les l\u00e9gislateurs n\u2019ont pas \u00ab\u202fsuffisamment prouv\u00e9\u202f\u00bb<\/em> que les partis ne pouvaient pas r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 ces besoins avec leurs propres fonds.<\/p>\n

Les partis politiques allemands re\u00e7oivent un financement de l\u2019\u00c9tat depuis 1994. La r\u00e9partition des fonds de l\u2019\u00c9tat est d\u00e9termin\u00e9e en fonction des r\u00e9sultats des \u00e9lections, des contributions de ses membres et des fonds que chaque parti est en mesure de r\u00e9unir par ses propres moyens.<\/p>\n

Les dotations de l\u2019\u00c9tat ne peuvent d\u00e9passer le montant qu\u2019un parti est en mesure de collecter par lui-m\u00eame, aussi appel\u00e9 limite relative, de mani\u00e8re \u00e0 ne pas d\u00e9pendre majoritairement de fonds publics. Le montant total que l\u2019\u00c9tat peut verser \u00e0 tous les partis r\u00e9unis est appel\u00e9 limite absolue. Depuis 2013, cette limite absolue \u00e9tait li\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019indice des prix. Elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 fix\u00e9e \u00e0 205 millions d\u2019euros l\u2019an dernier apr\u00e8s un ajustement de +2,5\u202f%.<\/p>\n

Mais en 2018, il aurait d\u00fb atteindre un maximum d\u2019environ 165 millions d\u2019euros. Et en juillet 2018, la limite absolue du financement de l\u2019\u00c9tat qui devait \u00eatre fix\u00e9e pour l\u2019ann\u00e9e 2019 avait \u00e9t\u00e9 port\u00e9e \u00e0 190 millions d\u2019euros par les l\u00e9gislateurs, soit une augmentation de 15%. Une loi vot\u00e9e en 10 jours seulement.<\/p>\n

En septembre 2018, 216 d\u00e9put\u00e9s des Verts, du Parti d\u00e9mocratique libre et du Parti de gauche, tous membres de l\u2019opposition \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque, ont contest\u00e9 cette disposition qu\u2019ils jugeaient disproportionn\u00e9e, arguant que les partis politiques devraient \u00eatre suffisamment libres de toute ing\u00e9rence de l\u2019\u00c9tat.<\/p>\n

La plus haute juridiction allemande<\/a> a reconnu que la num\u00e9risation des communications peut augmenter les co\u00fbts pour les partis politiques et constituer un changement de circonstances d\u00e9cisif pour justifier une augmentation de leurs dotations. Cependant, les co\u00fbts qui y sont associ\u00e9s n\u2019\u00e9taient pas clairement d\u00e9finis pour d\u00e9terminer le montant de l\u2019augmentation. De surcro\u00eet, les \u00e9conomies potentielles compensant l\u2019augmentation des co\u00fbts n\u2019avaient pas \u00e9t\u00e9 prises en compte.<\/p>\n

La Cour rejette par ailleurs d\u2019autres motifs avanc\u00e9s par le l\u00e9gislateur pour justifier une augmentation aussi \u00e9lev\u00e9e, comme le renforcement des obligations de transparence et de responsabilit\u00e9 des partis politiques, l\u2019augmentation du co\u00fbt des affiches de campagne ou la diminution du nombre de b\u00e9n\u00e9voles, qui sont des questions internes.<\/p>\n

L\u2019ancienne limite de 165 millions d\u2019euros de 2018 s\u2019appliquera r\u00e9troactivement.<\/p>\n

D\u00e9couvrez plus d\u2019actualit\u00e9s sur l\u2019Allemagne<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La Cour constitutionnelle allemande a jug\u00e9 que l\u2019augmentation de 15\u202f% du financement public r\u00e9parti entre partis politiques vot\u00e9e par les parlementaires en 2018 \u00e9tait inconstitutionnelle.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23726,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"wp_typography_post_enhancements_disabled":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[416],"tags":[478,421],"class_list":["post-23718","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politique","tag-allemagne","tag-vieux"],"yoast_head":"\nL'augmentation de 15% du financement public des partis politiques allemands rejet\u00e9e par la Cour constitutionnelle<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La Cour constitutionnelle allemande a jug\u00e9 que l'augmentation de 15 % du financement public r\u00e9parti entre partis politiques vot\u00e9e par les parlementaires en 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