{"id":29513,"date":"2021-06-11T15:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-06-11T13:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newsendip.com\/?p=29513"},"modified":"2024-07-23T17:56:13","modified_gmt":"2024-07-23T15:56:13","slug":"le-nigeria-a-bloque-twitter-sur-fond-de-ressentiment-politique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newsendip.com\/fr\/le-nigeria-a-bloque-twitter-sur-fond-de-ressentiment-politique\/","title":{"rendered":"Le Nigeria a bloqu\u00e9 Twitter sur fond de ressentiment politique"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le Nigeria bloque Twitter depuis une semaine. Pourtant, Twitter venait d\u2019ouvrir des bureaux en Afrique de l\u2019Ouest pour mieux atteindre ce march\u00e9. La d\u00e9cision du gouvernement intervient apr\u00e8s des mois de ressentiment politique \u00e0 l\u2019encontre de la plateforme.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Le 2 juin, le pr\u00e9sident nig\u00e9rian Buhari a vu l\u2019un de ses tweets supprim\u00e9 pour violation du r\u00e8glement de la plateforme.<\/p>\n

Il y faisait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la guerre civile nig\u00e9riane entre 1967 et 1970, au cours de laquelle le Biafra avait d\u00e9clar\u00e9 son ind\u00e9pendance. La revendication \u00e9tant toujours d\u2019actualit\u00e9, il a conseill\u00e9 de traiter \u00ab\u202fceux qui se comportent mal aujourd\u2019hui<\/em>\u202f\u00bb dans \u00ab\u202fune langue qu\u2019ils comprendront<\/em>\u202f\u00bb. Entre 500 000 et 2 millions de Biafrais sont morts de faim pendant le conflit, ce que le Biafra qualifie de g\u00e9nocide.<\/p>\n

La pr\u00e9sidence a \u00e9galement critiqu\u00e9 Twitter pour ne pas avoir supprim\u00e9 imm\u00e9diatement les tweets du chef du Peuple indig\u00e8ne du Biafra, le mouvement s\u00e9cessionniste pour l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance du Biafra d\u2019aujourd\u2019hui. Leur leader avait appel\u00e9 \u00e0 tuer la police.<\/p>\n

Le 4 juin, le minist\u00e8re de l\u2019information a annonc\u00e9 que Twitter \u00e9tait suspendu dans le pays parce que le site de micro-blogging h\u00e9berge des \u00ab\u202factivit\u00e9s susceptibles de miner l\u2019existence de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 nig\u00e9riane<\/em>\u202f\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Le gouvernement a menac\u00e9 d\u2019arr\u00eater et de poursuivre toute personne utilisant Twitter dans le pays. Le ministre nig\u00e9rian de l\u2019information, Lai Mohammed, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 \u00e0 la BBC<\/a> : \u00ab\u202fLe procureur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral a clairement indiqu\u00e9 que si quelqu\u2019un viole la r\u00e9glementation, cette personne sera poursuivie en justice.<\/em>\u202f\u00bb<\/p>\n

La plupart des entreprises bas\u00e9es au Nigeria ont cess\u00e9 de tweeter. Les particuliers utilisent des r\u00e9seaux priv\u00e9s virtuels pour publier leurs messages. Mais les tweets supprim\u00e9s ne sont qu\u2019une justification marquant le point d\u2019orgue de griefs plus anciens du gouvernement contre la plateforme.<\/p>\n

L\u2019influence de Twitter dans le mouvement #EndSARS<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

\"Manifestants
Manifestants nig\u00e9rians pour #EndSARS en octobre 2020 \u00e0 Lagos, au Nig\u00e9ria.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Le 14 octobre 2020, le directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de Twitter, Jack Dorsey, a tweet\u00e9 \u00ab\u202fFaites un don via #Bitcoin pour aider #EndSARS\u202f\u00bb. Plusieurs c\u00e9l\u00e9brit\u00e9s internationales, comme Rihanna, ont \u00e9galement tweet\u00e9 contre les violences polici\u00e8res au Nig\u00e9ria avec le hashtag #EndSARS. Avec le 4\u00e8me compte le plus influent de la plateforme, elle avait \u00e9galement relay\u00e9 la suspension d\u2019Internet lors des manifestations d\u2019agriculteurs en Inde<\/a>. La diaspora nig\u00e9riane s\u2019est mobilis\u00e9e pour mettre fin au SRAS. Google Afrique a \u00e9galement soutenu les manifestations contre le SRAS sur son compte Twitter.<\/p>\n

End SARS est un mouvement social contre les brutalit\u00e9s polici\u00e8res au Nigeria. Le SRAS \u00e9tait une escouade d\u2019intervention sp\u00e9ciale nig\u00e9riane connue pour sa brutalit\u00e9 et ses probl\u00e8mes de comportement. En 2017, de mauvaises exp\u00e9riences concernant les actions du SRAS ont commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 se r\u00e9pandre sur Twitter en 2017. En octobre 2020, une vid\u00e9o partag\u00e9e sur Twitter montrait le SRAS en train de tirer sur un jeune Nig\u00e9rian. Avec d\u2019autres images, cette vid\u00e9o a d\u00e9clench\u00e9 un toll\u00e9 international en ligne et hors ligne. Apr\u00e8s plusieurs jours de manifestations au Nig\u00e9ria, le SRAS a \u00e9t\u00e9 dissous le 11 octobre.<\/p>\n

Le tweet de M. Dorsey a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9 apr\u00e8s la dissolution. Les manifestations se sont poursuivies pendant une douzaine de jours et l\u2019arm\u00e9e nig\u00e9riane aurait tir\u00e9 sur les manifestants et les aurait tu\u00e9s, notamment lors d\u2019un raid au Lekki Toll Plaza \u00e0 Lagos.<\/p>\n

Pour le pr\u00e9sident, Twitter a contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 financer et \u00e0 alimenter les manifestations. Twitter a pourtant identifi\u00e9 le Ghana et le Nigeria comme ses principaux march\u00e9s en Afrique de l\u2019Ouest.<\/p>\n

Le Nigeria, un march\u00e9 cl\u00e9 pour Twitter<\/h2>\n

En avril 2021, Twitter a \u00e9tendu sa pr\u00e9sence en Afrique<\/a> en ouvrant son premier bureau au Ghana. L\u2019entreprise souhaitait tester une nouvelle approche en constituant une \u00e9quipe sur place pour s\u2019adapter aux march\u00e9s africains. \u00ab\u202fLes \u00e9quipes doivent \u00eatre davantage immerg\u00e9es dans les communaut\u00e9s riches et dynamiques qui animent les conversations qui ont lieu chaque jour en Afrique<\/em>\u202f\u00bb, indique le communiqu\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Cette d\u00e9cision a suscit\u00e9 une petite controverse au Nigeria. L\u2019\u00c9tat le plus peupl\u00e9 d\u2019Afrique compte 73% d\u2019internautes, alors que son voisin ghan\u00e9en n\u2019a que 43% de sa population active sur Internet. Mais Twitter a justifi\u00e9 le choix du Ghana par le fait qu\u2019il \u00e9tait \u00ab\u202fun champion de la d\u00e9mocratie<\/em>\u202f\u00bb, alors que le Nigeria occupe la 110\u00e8me place dans l\u2019indice mondial de la d\u00e9mocratie.<\/p>\n

Les autorit\u00e9s nig\u00e9rianes ont d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que Twitter devait s\u2019enregistrer dans le pays avant que le gouvernement ne l\u00e8ve la suspension.<\/p>\n

D\u00e9couvrez plus d\u2019actualit\u00e9s sur le Nigeria<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le Nigeria bloque Twitter depuis une semaine. Une d\u00e9cision qui intervient apr\u00e8s des mois de ressentiment politique du gouvernement envers la plateforme.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13574,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"wp_typography_post_enhancements_disabled":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[435,421],"class_list":["post-29513","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-economie","tag-nigeria-fr","tag-vieux"],"yoast_head":"\nLe Nigeria a bloqu\u00e9 Twitter sur fond de ressentiment politique<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le Nigeria bloque Twitter depuis une semaine. 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