{"id":29578,"date":"2022-01-03T17:24:44","date_gmt":"2022-01-03T16:24:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newsendip.com\/?p=29578"},"modified":"2023-08-17T09:45:05","modified_gmt":"2023-08-17T07:45:05","slug":"cuba-a-souffert-en-2021-de-son-taux-de-mortalite-infantile-le-plus-eleve-en-20-ans","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newsendip.com\/fr\/cuba-a-souffert-en-2021-de-son-taux-de-mortalite-infantile-le-plus-eleve-en-20-ans\/","title":{"rendered":"Cuba a souffert en 2021 de son taux de mortalit\u00e9 infantile le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 en 20 ans"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cuba a enregistr\u00e9 une augmentation de 55\u202f% du taux de mortalit\u00e9 infantile en un an. Le gouvernement justifie cette hausse par la pand\u00e9mie de Covid-19. Le taux du pays est le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 depuis 20 ans.
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"nouveau-n\u00e9\"
Avec 7,6 d\u00e9c\u00e8s pour 1 000 naissances en 2021, le taux de mortalit\u00e9 infantile de Cuba est le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 depuis 20 ans. | \u00a9 Solen Feyissa<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Le 2 janvier, le minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9 de Cuba<\/a> a publi\u00e9 ses donn\u00e9es officielles sur le taux de mortalit\u00e9 infantile. Avec 7,6 d\u00e9c\u00e8s pour 1 000 naissances en 2021, le taux de mortalit\u00e9 infantile \u00e0 Cuba a augment\u00e9 de 55\u202f% en un an.<\/p>\n

La mortalit\u00e9 infantile correspond au d\u00e9c\u00e8s d\u2019enfants de moins d\u2019un an. Les principales causes de d\u00e9c\u00e8s dans le pays sont principalement li\u00e9es \u00e0 la pr\u00e9maturit\u00e9, \u00e0 une insuffisance pond\u00e9rale \u00e0 la naissance et au retard de croissance dans l\u2019ut\u00e9rus.<\/p>\n

Dans sa d\u00e9claration officielle, le gouvernement explique que ces chiffres sont dus \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie de Covid-19, qui a augment\u00e9 le nombre de patients dans les h\u00f4pitaux, y compris les femmes enceintes.<\/p>\n

Les autorit\u00e9s soulignent que la pand\u00e9mie de Covid-19 a provoqu\u00e9 des naissances avant terme<\/h2>\n

Certaines femmes se trouvaient dans un \u00e9tat critique, ce qui a contraint les m\u00e9decins \u00e0 interrompre les grossesses avant terme, augmentant ainsi les risques de mortalit\u00e9 infantile. \u00ab\u202fPlus le ventre est gros, plus il conditionne l\u2019insuffisance respiratoire et, dans de nombreux cas, rend l\u2019interruption de grossesse n\u00e9cessaire pour que les femmes puissent respirer correctement<\/em>\u202f\u00bb, a expliqu\u00e9 le chef du centre p\u00e9diatrique de l\u2019h\u00f4pital militaire de La Havane dans le communiqu\u00e9 du gouvernement.<\/p>\n

Des \u00e9tudes ont montr\u00e9 un risque accru de d\u00e9velopper une forme grave de Covid-19 pour les femmes enceintes qui sont infect\u00e9es. En 2021, le taux de mortalit\u00e9 maternelle<\/a>, le d\u00e9c\u00e8s de la m\u00e8re pendant la grossesse ou des cons\u00e9quences de l\u2019accouchement, \u00e9tait de 177 pour 100 000 naissances \u00e0 Cuba<\/a>. Il \u00e9tait de 36\u202fen 2017 selon les derni\u00e8res donn\u00e9es de l\u2019Organisation mondiale de la sant\u00e9<\/a>.<\/p>\n

L\u2019OMS<\/a> signale \u00e9galement que le Covid-19 pendant la grossesse a \u00e9t\u00e9 associ\u00e9 \u00e0 une probabilit\u00e9 accrue de naissances pr\u00e9matur\u00e9es, ce qui augmente les risques de mortalit\u00e9 infantile.<\/p>\n

De plus, m\u00eame si la transmission du virus entre la m\u00e8re et le f\u0153tus n\u2019est pas prouv\u00e9e, la croissance du b\u00e9b\u00e9 peut \u00eatre affect\u00e9e par un apport en oxyg\u00e8ne<\/a> moins important au placenta.<\/p>\n

Bien que les enfants pr\u00e9sentent des sympt\u00f4mes moins graves que les adultes plus \u00e2g\u00e9s en cas d\u2019infection par le Covid-19, plus de 200 mineurs cubains se trouvaient dans un \u00e9tat grave, ce qui a accru la pression sur les services p\u00e9diatriques du pays.<\/p>\n

En 2021, Cuba a enregistr\u00e9 177 000 enfants infect\u00e9s par le Covid-19, contre 1 300\u202fen 2020. Parmi eux, 11 700 enfants \u00e2g\u00e9s de moins d\u2019un an. Au total, seuls 18 d\u00e9c\u00e8s sont survenus \u00e0 cause du Covid-19, combin\u00e9 \u00e0 d\u2019autres conditions m\u00e9dicales.<\/p>\n

Le taux de mortalit\u00e9 infantile le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 \u00e0 Cuba depuis 20 ans<\/h2>\n

Selon le groupe interinstitutions des Nations unies pour l\u2019estimation de la mortalit\u00e9 infantile (IGME), le taux mondial de mortalit\u00e9 infantile \u00e9tait de 27 d\u00e9c\u00e8s pour 1 000 naissances vivantes en 2020.<\/p>\n

Avec 4,08 d\u00e9c\u00e8s pour 1 000 naissances vivantes en 2020 (intervalle d\u2019incertitude entre 3,4 et 5,03), Cuba a un taux de mortalit\u00e9 infantile inf\u00e9rieur \u00e0 celui des \u00c9tats-Unis<\/a> ou du Canada<\/a>. Ces deux pays d\u2019Am\u00e9rique du Nord ont respectivement un taux de mortalit\u00e9 infantile de 5,44 et 4,38.<\/p>\n

Et en reprenant les estimations les plus conservatrices de l\u2019IGME, le taux de mortalit\u00e9 infantile \u00e0 Cuba rapport\u00e9 par les autorit\u00e9s serait donc le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 depuis 20 ans.<\/p>\n

L\u2019\u00e9t\u00e9 dernier, des manifestations ont \u00e9clat\u00e9 dans les rues de Cuba en raison du manque de nourriture et de m\u00e9dicaments d\u00fb \u00e0 la crise \u00e9conomique qui s\u00e9vit dans le pays. Pour le Diario de Cuba<\/a>, la situation \u00e9conomique difficile est un autre facteur influen\u00e7ant les chiffres, ce que le gouvernement n\u2019a pas mentionn\u00e9. Cela soul\u00e8ve \u00e9galement des doutes quant \u00e0 la v\u00e9racit\u00e9 des chiffres, car les m\u00e9decins seraient contraints de falsifier les statistiques pour para\u00eetre plus performants qu\u2019ils ne le sont dans la r\u00e9alit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Source :<\/h3>\n
  • Cuba registra una tasa de mortalidad infantil de 7,6 por mil nacidos vivos, en un a\u00f1o complejo debido a la pandemia de la COVID-19<\/a>, Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9 de Cuba, janvier 2022<\/li>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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