{"id":29784,"date":"2021-07-08T15:30:00","date_gmt":"2021-07-08T13:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newsendip.com\/?p=29784"},"modified":"2024-07-23T17:46:14","modified_gmt":"2024-07-23T15:46:14","slug":"luruguay-negociera-sans-le-mercosur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newsendip.com\/fr\/luruguay-negociera-sans-le-mercosur\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019Uruguay n\u00e9gociera sans le Mercosur"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u2019Uruguay a d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de prendre ses distances avec le Mercosur en n\u00e9gociant directement avec des pays tiers, accentuant ainsi le d\u00e9saccord avec l\u2019Argentine sur la strat\u00e9gie des tarifs douaniers communs.
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Mercosur\"
\u00a9 MERCOSUR | MERCOSUL<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Le 7 juillet, l\u2019Uruguay a annonc\u00e9 qu\u2019il commencerait \u00e0 n\u00e9gocier<\/a> ind\u00e9pendamment avec des pays ext\u00e9rieurs au Mercosur, en d\u00e9pit d\u2019une r\u00e9solution datant 2000 stipulant que ses membres doivent n\u00e9gocier conjointement des accords tarifaires internationaux.<\/p>\n

Le ministre uruguayen des affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res justifie cette d\u00e9cision en d\u00e9fendant \u00ab\u202fla modernisation du bloc, par le biais d\u2019un agenda de n\u00e9gociations ext\u00e9rieures substantiel, agile, dynamique, flexible et permanent<\/em>\u202f\u00bb. Le pays souhaite r\u00e9duire les tarifs ext\u00e9rieurs communs afin de faciliter les \u00e9changes avec les pays en dehors du Mercosur.<\/p>\n

Toute r\u00e9duction tarifaire de droit \u00e0 l\u2019entr\u00e9e n\u00e9cessitent un accord unanime des \u00c9tats membres de l\u2019Union. Mais l\u2019Argentine n\u2019approuve pas les revendications de l\u2019Uruguay et souhaite maintenir des droits de douane plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s pour prot\u00e9ger son \u00e9conomie<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Le Mercosur, ou March\u00e9 Commun du Sud en espagnol, est un accord commercial sud-am\u00e9ricain mis en place en 1991. Il \u00e9tablit un march\u00e9 int\u00e9rieur de libre-\u00e9change et donne une voix commune plus forte pour n\u00e9gocier avec les parties ext\u00e9rieures. Les membres fondateurs sont l\u2019Argentine, le Br\u00e9sil, le Paraguay et l\u2019Uruguay. L\u2019adh\u00e9sion du Venezuela a \u00e9t\u00e9 suspendue en 2017 et plusieurs autres pays d\u2019Am\u00e9rique latine, dont le Chili et la Colombie, sont associ\u00e9s au Mercosur sans en \u00eatre membres.<\/p>\n

La Bolivie, membre associ\u00e9 et en cours d\u2019adh\u00e9sion au Mercosur, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 qu\u2019elle n\u00e9gocierait \u00e9galement ind\u00e9pendamment du p\u00e9rim\u00e8tre du Mercosur.<\/p>\n

L\u2019Uruguay plaide depuis longtemps en faveur d\u2019une plus grande flexibilit\u00e9 afin d\u2019ouvrir son pays au commerce international. Toutefois, il n\u2019a re\u00e7u que peu d\u2019\u00e9cho jusqu\u2019\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent.<\/p>\n

Le Br\u00e9sil, quant \u00e0 lui, s\u2019est montr\u00e9 plus enclin \u00e0 ouvrir les portes depuis peu. En mars, il a propos\u00e9 de r\u00e9duire les taxes d\u2019importation, estimant qu\u2019elles \u00e9taient d\u00e9pass\u00e9s \u2013 elles n\u2019ont pas chang\u00e9 depuis 1995 \u2013 et de les adapter aux normes actuelles. Cette proposition n\u2019a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 approuv\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019unanimit\u00e9. Cependant, l\u2019Argentine, qui a stopp\u00e9 les exportations de b\u0153uf pendant un mois<\/a> pour limiter l\u2019inflation des prix des denr\u00e9es alimentaires, se retrouve plus isol\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

L\u2019Uruguay revendique toujours son appartenance au Mercosur<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

L\u2019\u00e9conomie uruguayenne<\/a> est relativement plus stable que celle de sa voisine argentine, qui est confront\u00e9e \u00e0 une inflation vertigineuse<\/a> et \u00e0 un surendettement<\/a>. Dans le pass\u00e9, l\u2019Uruguay a souffert de ses liens \u00e9troits avec les \u00e9conomies argentine et br\u00e9silienne, qui ont vacill\u00e9 au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 2000.<\/p>\n

Pendant cette crise, les Argentins ont retir\u00e9 environ un tiers des d\u00e9p\u00f4ts de l\u2019Uruguay des comptes bancaires qu\u2019ils avaient ouverts dans ce qui \u00e9tait souvent appel\u00e9 la Suisse<\/a> de l\u2019Am\u00e9rique du Sud. Apr\u00e8s une crise bancaire en 2002, l\u2019Uruguay s\u2019est redress\u00e9 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 15 ann\u00e9es de croissance ininterrompue, une premi\u00e8re pour le pays.<\/p>\n

Au d\u00e9but du mois de mars, \u00e0 l\u2019occasion du 30\u00e8me anniversaire de la cr\u00e9ation du Mercosur, le d\u00e9saccord entre l\u2019Argentine et l\u2019Uruguay s\u2019est aggrav\u00e9. Le pr\u00e9sident de l\u2019Uruguay, Luis Pacalle Pou, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9<\/a> que le Mercosur ne devait pas \u00eatre un \u00ab\u202fballast<\/em>\u202f\u00bb ou un \u00ab\u202fcorset<\/em>\u202f\u00bb qui emp\u00eache le pays d\u2019avancer. Le pr\u00e9sident argentin, Alberto Fern\u00e1ndez, a r\u00e9pondu que \u00ab\u202fsi nous sommes un ballast, prenez un autre bateau<\/em>\u202f\u00bb.<\/p>\n

En avril, l\u2019Uruguay a avanc\u00e9 la possibilit\u00e9 \u2013 non approuv\u00e9e \u2013 de n\u00e9gocier directement avec les pays tiers. Il n\u2019a cependant pas demand\u00e9 l\u2019abrogation de l\u2019obligation du consensus commun au sein de l\u2019Union.<\/p>\n

La r\u00e9solution 32<\/sup>\u204400<\/sub><\/a>, sign\u00e9e en 2000, mentionne que les membres doivent \u00ab\u202fn\u00e9gocier conjointement des accords de nature commerciale avec des pays tiers<\/em>\u202f\u00bb et qu\u2019un membre \u00ab\u202fne peut pas signer des accords pr\u00e9f\u00e9rentiels qui n\u2019ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 n\u00e9goci\u00e9s par le Mercosur<\/em>\u202f\u00bb. En ce qui concerne la r\u00e9solution, l\u2019Uruguay consid\u00e8re que la clause 32<\/sup>\u204400<\/sub> \u00ab\u202fn\u2019est pas en vigueur, puisqu\u2019elle n\u2019a jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 internalis\u00e9e<\/em>\u202f\u00bb.<\/p>\n

N\u00e9anmoins, Montevideo, qui accueille le si\u00e8ge du bloc commercial, affirme rester un membre \u00e0 part enti\u00e8re du Mercosur.<\/p>\n

L\u2019annonce a \u00e9t\u00e9 faite la veille d\u2019un sommet virtuel entre les pr\u00e9sidents, marquant la fin de la pr\u00e9sidence semestrielle de l\u2019Argentine au sein du Mercosur. La direction sera transf\u00e9r\u00e9e au Br\u00e9sil.<\/p>\n

D\u00e9couvrez plus d\u2019informations sur l\u2019Uruguay<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u2019Uruguay a d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de prendre ses distances avec le Mercosur en n\u00e9gociant directement avec des pays tiers, accentuant ainsi le d\u00e9saccord avec l\u2019Argentine sur la strat\u00e9gie des tarifs douaniers communs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":33232,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"wp_typography_post_enhancements_disabled":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[414],"tags":[411,521],"class_list":["post-29784","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-economie","tag-actuel","tag-uruguay-fr"],"yoast_head":"\nL'Uruguay n\u00e9gociera sans le Mercosur<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L'Uruguay a d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de prendre ses distances avec le Mercosur en n\u00e9gociant directement avec des pays tiers, accentuant ainsi le d\u00e9saccord avec l'Argentine sur la strat\u00e9gie des tarifs douaniers communs.\" 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