{"id":32969,"date":"2023-10-31T16:16:00","date_gmt":"2023-10-31T15:16:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newsendip.com\/?p=32969"},"modified":"2024-07-18T15:35:12","modified_gmt":"2024-07-18T13:35:12","slug":"en-italie-giorgia-meloni-va-t-elle-changer-le-systeme-de-nomination-des-premiers-ministres","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newsendip.com\/fr\/en-italie-giorgia-meloni-va-t-elle-changer-le-systeme-de-nomination-des-premiers-ministres\/","title":{"rendered":"En Italie, Giorgia Meloni va-t-elle changer le syst\u00e8me de nomination des Premiers ministres\u202f?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ce lundi, la pr\u00e9sidente du Conseil italien Giorgia Meloni et ses ministres ont soutenu une proposition de r\u00e9forme constitutionnelle introduisant l\u2019\u00e9lection directe du Premier ministre. Il est probable qu\u2019une telle r\u00e9forme, r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement mise sur la table en Italie, soit valid\u00e9e cette fois.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Giorgia
Giorgia Meloni, la premi\u00e8re ministre italienne | \u00a9 Giorgia Meloni, Twitter<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Giorgia Meloni s\u2019attaque \u00e0 la Constitution italienne. La pr\u00e9sidente du Conseil a engag\u00e9 une vaste r\u00e9forme<\/a> visant \u00e0 donner plus de pouvoirs au chef du gouvernement par le biais d\u2019un texte qui sera pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 au Conseil des ministres ce vendredi 3 novembre.<\/p>\n

Cette r\u00e9forme, inspir\u00e9e du mod\u00e8le fran\u00e7ais, pr\u00e9voit notamment l\u2019\u00e9lection du Premier ministre en un seul scrutin et une majorit\u00e9 de 55\u202f% pour assurer la gouvernabilit\u00e9, ainsi que la fin de la possibilit\u00e9 pour le Quirinale<\/em>, si\u00e8ge de la pr\u00e9sidence italienne<\/a>, de nommer les s\u00e9nateurs \u00e0 vie.<\/p>\n

Cette d\u00e9cision intervient dans le cadre d\u2019une s\u00e9rie de mesure engag\u00e9es pour mettre fin \u00e0 l\u2019instabilit\u00e9 politique chronique du pays, qui a vu se succ\u00e9der 68 diff\u00e9rent gouvernements au cours des 77 derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

Lors de sa campagne \u00e9lectorale, Giorgia Meloni s\u2019\u00e9tait engag\u00e9e \u00e0 introduire des r\u00e9formes constitutionnelles visant \u00e0 garantir une dur\u00e9e plus longue aux gouvernements italiens, et un nouvel \u00e9quilibre des pouvoirs entre le Premier ministre, le Pr\u00e9sident et le Parlement.<\/p>\n

La pr\u00e9sidente du Conseil s\u2019est cependant heurt\u00e9e \u00e0 une forte r\u00e9sistance de la part de l\u2019opposition, qui craint que ces r\u00e9formes ne concentrent trop de pouvoirs entre les mains d\u2019une seule et m\u00eame personne. C\u2019est pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment ce que les dirigeants italiens d\u2019apr\u00e8s-guerre souhaitaient \u00e9viter en instaurant le syst\u00e8me politique actuel apr\u00e8s 18 ans de dictature fasciste sous Benito Mussolini.<\/p>\n

En vertu de la loi italienne, toute modification de la Constitution requiert une majorit\u00e9 de deux tiers dans les deux chambres du Parlement.<\/p>\n

En cas d\u2019\u00e9chec, un r\u00e9f\u00e9rendum<\/a> doit \u00eatre organis\u00e9. Les pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents r\u00e9f\u00e9rendums concernant des changements constitutionnels se sont tous sold\u00e9s par des \u00e9checs. Le dernier en date, propos\u00e9 par Matteo Renzi, alors premier ministre, a entrain\u00e9 sa d\u00e9mission, tandis qu\u2019un r\u00e9f\u00e9rendum concernant le renforcement des pouvoirs pr\u00e9sidentiels, men\u00e9 par Silvio Berlusconi, alors premier ministre, a \u00e9galement \u00e9chou\u00e9 en 2006.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ce lundi, la pr\u00e9sidente du Conseil italien Giorgia Meloni et ses ministres ont soutenu une proposition de r\u00e9forme constitutionnelle introduisant l\u2019\u00e9lection directe du Premier ministre. Il est probable qu\u2019une telle r\u00e9forme, r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement mise sur la table en Italie, soit valid\u00e9e cette fois.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":237,"featured_media":32990,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"wp_typography_post_enhancements_disabled":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[416],"tags":[418,421],"class_list":["post-32969","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politique","tag-italie","tag-vieux"],"yoast_head":"\nEn Italie, Giorgia Meloni va-t-elle changer le syst\u00e8me de nomination des Premiers ministres ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ce lundi, la pr\u00e9sidente du Conseil italien Giorgia Meloni et ses ministres ont soutenu une proposition de r\u00e9forme constitutionnelle introduisant l'\u00e9lection directe du Premier ministre. 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